Using digital photography to implement the McFarland method

Using digital photography to implement the McFarland method.

The McFarland method allows the concentration of bacterial cells in a liquid medium to be determined by either of two instrumental techniques: turbidimetry or nephelometry. The microbes act by absorbing and scattering incident light, so the absorbance (turbidimetry) or light intensity (nephelometry) measured is directly proportional to their concentration in the medium. In this work, we develop...

A simple method to determine surface albedo using digital photography

Surface albedo is an important concept, useful in explaining how closed systems (such as the Earth Atmosphere) respond to incident radiant energy. Specialist, calibrated equipment is used by geo-scientists to measure ambient and reflected radiation from subject sources – this is often cost prohibitive within a teaching environment. A “semi” calibrated method is presented, utilising simple digit...

buckling of viscoelastic composite plates using the finite strip method

در سال های اخیر، تقاضای استفاده از تئوری خطی ویسکوالاستیسیته بیشتر شده است. با افزایش استفاده از کامپوزیت های پیشرفته در صنایع هوایی و همچنین استفاده روزافزون از مواد پلیمری، اهمیت روش های دقیق طراحی و تحلیل چنین ساختارهایی بیشتر شده است. این مواد جدید از خودشان رفتارهای مکانیکی ارائه می دهند که با تئوری های الاستیسیته و ویسکوزیته، نمی توان آن ها را توصیف کرد. این مواد، خواص ویسکوالاستیک دارند....

Digital photography versus analogue photography 1 Running heading: DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY VERSUS ANALOGUE PHOTOGRAPHY. Digital versus Analogue Photography: a comparative analysis

The Evolution of Film Photography to Digital

Roots of Digital Techniques and Functions in Traditional Film Photography Photography is the result of combining several technical discoveries. Chinese philosopher Mo Di and Greek mathematicians Aristotle and Euclid described a pinhole camera in the 5th and 4th centuries BCE. From rudimentary forms like the pinhole camera and the camera obscura, Film and print photography has transformed with t...